Qhov zoo: Nws tuaj yeem rhuav tshem cov qauv casting ntawm cov hlau ingot, kho cov nplej ntawm cov hlau, thiab tshem tawm qhov tsis xws luag hauv microstructure, yog li ua rau cov qauv steel ntom thiab txhim kho cov khoom siv kho tshuab. Qhov kev txhim kho no feem ntau yog tshwm sim hauv cov kev taw qhia dov, kom cov hlau tsis muaj isotropic rau qee yam; npuas, tawg thiab looseness tsim thaum lub sij hawm pouring kuj yuav welded nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm kub thiab siab.
Disadvantages: 1. Tom qab kub dov, tsis yog-hlau inclusions (tsuas yog sulfides, oxides, thiab silicates) nyob rau hauv cov hlau yog nias rau hauv nyias nyias, uas ua rau delamination (interlayer). Delamination zoo heev deteriorates lub tensile zog ntawm steel raws lub thickness kev taw qhia thiab tej zaum yuav ua rau interlaminar tearing raws li cov weld shrinks. Lub cheeb tsam induced los ntawm weld shrinkage feem ntau mus txog ob peb lub sij hawm lub yield point strain, uas yog ntau npaum li cas loj tshaj lub strain tshwm sim los ntawm load;
2. Kev ntxhov siab uas tshwm sim los ntawm qhov tsis sib xws. Residual stress yog qhov kev ntxhov siab nyob rau hauv nws tus kheej sib npaug thaum tsis muaj zog sab nraud. Kub-kuav los tiag steel seem ntawm ntau seem muaj xws li residual stress. Feem ntau, qhov loj dua qhov loj ntawm ntu ntu ntawm ntu steel, qhov ntau dua qhov kev ntxhov siab seem. Txawm hais tias residual kev ntxhov siab yog qhov sib npaug ntawm tus kheej, nws tseem muaj qee yam cuam tshuam rau kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov khoom siv hlau nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm sab nraud quab yuam. Piv txwv li, nws yuav muaj kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau deformation, stability, qaug zog, thiab lwm yam.
3. Cov khoom kub-kuav los tiag steel yog qhov nyuaj rau kev tswj ntawm cov thickness thiab ntug dav. Peb paub txog thermal expansion thiab contraction. Txawm hais tias qhov ntev thiab tuab yog raws li tus qauv tom qab kub dov thaum pib, tseem yuav muaj qhov txawv tsis zoo tom qab txias. Qhov dav ntawm sab dav thiab qhov tuab tuab, qhov pom tseeb qhov txawv tsis zoo no yuav yog. Yog li ntawd, rau cov hlau loj, sab dav, tuab, ntev, lub kaum sab xis, thiab ntug kab ntawm cov hlau tsis tuaj yeem yog qhov tseeb.
