Dab tsi yog hom casing - Kev Paub

Casingyog ib tug loj - txoj kab uas hla steel yeeb nkab siv los kab cov boreholes ntawm cov roj thiab roj qhov dej, raws li zoo raws li nyob rau hauv civil engineering tej yaam num (xws li dhuav piling foundations).

Xav tias casing li tus"skeleton"los yog"structural ntaub thaiv npog"ntawm lub qhov dej. Nws tau muab tso rau hauv lub qhov drilled thiab feem ntau ruaj nrog cov cement kom muaj kev ruaj ntseg ntawm tag nrho cov qhov dej los yog lub hauv paus.

Hom Casing los ntawm Functional Application

Nyob rau hauv ib qho kev lag luam drilling, ntau "txoj hlua" ntawm cov casing yog siv, txhua qhov ua haujlwm tshwj xeeb raws li lub qhov dej tob.

A. Conductor Casing

Thawj txoj hlua loj tshaj plaws, feem ntau yog li ntawm 16 mus rau 30 ntiv tes hauv txoj kab uas hla.

Lub hom phiaj:Nws tiv thaiv cov av saum npoo los ntawm kev ntxuav tawm thiab muab lub hauv paus rau lub pob zeb drilling.

Hom Qib:J55 los yog qis- carbon structural steel.

B. Nto Casing

Txoj hlua no tau tsim los tiv thaiv cov dej hauv dej tshiab los ntawm kev sib kis los ntawm cov kua dej los yog hydrocarbons.

Lub hom phiaj:Nws txhawb nqa lub tshuab tiv thaiv kab mob (BOP) pawg thiab muab cov qauv kev ncaj ncees rau cov hlua txuas ntxiv.

Kev txhawj xeeb:Kev ua raws li ib puag ncig yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm no.

C. Qhov Nruab Nrab Casing

Siv nyob rau hauv qhov tob tob kom cais "cov teeb meem cheeb tsam" qhov twg muaj kev kub siab los yog tsis ruaj tsis khov tsim.

Lub hom phiaj:Nws tiv thaiv lub qhov dej los ntawm kev sib tsoo nyob rau hauv lub siab mob siab rau lub ntiaj teb sab nraud.

Hom Qib: k55 uaL80feem ntau xav tau rau lawv lub zog siab dua thiab kev sib tsoo.

D. Production Casing (Oil String)

Txoj hlua zaum kawg uas ncav cuag thaj chaw them nyiaj (cov roj los yog cov roj reservoir).

Lub hom phiaj:Nws muab ib tug tshwj xeeb conduit rau cov tubing ntau lawm thiab yuav tsum tau withstand lub siab tshaj sab hauv pressures.

Kev txhawj xeeb:Internal "burst" siab kuj tseem ceeb heev.

E. Liners

Lub liner yog ib txoj hlua casing uas tsis txuas rov qab mus rau saum npoo tab sis yog "dai" los ntawm cov hlua casing dhau los.

Lub hom phiaj:Txhawm rau txuag cov nqi thiab txo qhov hnyav ntawm tag nrho cov hlua hauv ultra- qhov dej tob.

Hom Casing los ntawm Khoom thiab Qib (API 5CT)

Standardization yog hom lus ntawm kev lag luam thoob ntiaj teb. Feem ntau cov neeg yuav khoom txawv teb chaws ua raws liAPI 5CT tus qauv. Kev nkag siab txog cov qib no yog tus yuam sij rau tus nqi -kev ua kom zoo.

Casing Qib	Yield zog (psi)	Qhov zoo tshaj plaws siv Case	Kev Pabcuam Neeg Muag Khoom txawv teb chaws
J55	55,000 – 80,000	ntiav, qis- qhov dej siab.	Kev lag luam feem ntau "khoom muag" qib.
K55	55,000 – 80,000	Nruab nrab- qhov tob tob; siab nro.	26% siab zog tensileyog j55.
L80-1	80,000 – 95,000	Kev Pab Cuam (H₂S )ib puag ncig.	Tswj hardness (<23HRC) prevents cracking.
N80-Q	80,000 – 110,000	Cov qhov dej tob uas muaj kev pheej hmoo tawg loj heev.	Quenched thiab tempered rau siab durability.
P110	110,000 – 140,000	Siab-siab, siab-kub (HPHT).	Lub zog siab tshaj plaws rau qhov tob tob.

Cov haujlwm ntawm Casing

Stabilization ntawm borehole:Thaum lub sij hawm drilling, tsim siab tuaj yeem ua rau lub qhov faus sab hauv. Casing muab kev txhawb nqa tsim nyog los ua kom txoj kev qhib.

Environmental Isolation (Aquifer Protection):Casing seals tawm cov roj thiab roj txheej los ntawm cov dej tsis qab ntsev, tiv thaiv cov dej los yog cov hydrocarbons los ntawm kev paug cov dej hauv av.

Pressure Containment:Hauv kev sib sib zog nqus drilling, casing yuav tsum tiv taus siab sab nraud los ntawm lub ntiaj teb thiab siab sab hauv los ntawm cov roj ntws thiab roj.

Kev them nyiaj yug tus qauv:Cov cuab yeej hnyav xws li Blowout Preventer (BOP) thiab "Christmas Tree" (wellhead) yog mounted ntawm lub taub hau casing, uas bears qhov hnyav.

Specification ntawm Casing

Casing Loj	NominalWeight lb/ft	Sab nraud txoj kab uas hla		Phab ntsa Thickness		Hom Xaus Xaus
		Sab nraud txoj kab uas hla		Phab ntsa Thickness		Qib
		hauv	mm	hauv	mm	J55 K55	L80-1	N80	C90	C95	T95	P110	M65
4 1/2"	9.50	4.500	114.30	0.205	5.21	PS	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
	10.50	4.500	114.30	0.224	5.69	PSB	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
	11.60	4.500	114.30	0.250	6.35	PSLB	PLB	PLB	PLB	PLB	PLB	PLB	PLB
	13.50	4.500	114.30	0.290	7.37	-	PLB	PLB	PLB	PLB	PLB	PLB	PLB
	15.10	4.500	114.30	0.337	8.56	-	-	-	-	-	-	PLB	-
5"	11.50	5.000	127.00	0.220	5.59	PS	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
	13.00	5.000	127.00	0.253	7.52	PSLB	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
	15.00	5.000	127.00	0.296	9.19	PSLB	PLB	PLB	PLB	PLB	PLB	PLB	PLB
	18.00	5.000	127.00	0.362	9.19	-	PLB	PLB	PLB	PLB	PLB	PLB	PLB
	21.40	5.000	127.00	0.437	11.10	-	PLB	PLB	PLB	PLB	PLB	PLB	PLB
	23.20	5.000	127.00	0.478	12.14	-	PLB	PLB	PLB	PLB	PLB	PLB	PLB
	24.10	5.000	127.00	0.500	12.70	-	PLB	PLB	PLB	PLB	PLB	PLB	PLB
5 1/2"	14.00	5.500	139.70	0.244	6.20	PS	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
	15.50	5.500	139.70	0.275	6.98	PSLB	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
	17.00	5.500	139.70	0.304	7.72	PSLB	PLB	PLB	PLB	PLB	PLB	PLB	PLB
	20.00	5.500	139.70	0.361	9.17	-	PLB	PLB	PLB	PLB	PLB	PLB	PLB
	23.00	5.500	139.70	0.415	10.54	-	PLB	PLB	PLB	PLB	PLB	PLB	PLB
	26.80	5.500	139.70	0.500	12.70	-	-	-	P	-	P	P	P
	29.70	5.500	139.70	0.562	14.27	-	-	-	P	-	P	P	P
	32.60	5.500	139.70	0.625	15.88	-	-	-	P	-	P	P	P
	35.30	5.500	139.70	0.687	17.45	-	-	-	P	-	P	P	P
	38.00	5.500	139.70	0.750	19.05	-	-	-	P	-	P	P	P
	40.50	5.500	139.70	0.812	20.62	-	-	-	P	-	P	P	P
	43.10	5.500	139.70	0.875	22.22	-	-	-	P	-	P	P	P
7"	20.00	7.000	177.80	0.272	6.91	PS	-	-	-	-	-	-	PS
	23.00	7.000	177.80	0.317	8.05	PSLB	PLB	PLB	PLB	PLB	-	-	PLB
	26.00	7.000	177.80	0.362	9.19	PSLB	PLB	PLB	PLB	PLB	PLB	PLB	PLB
	29.00	7.000	177.80	0.408	10.36	-	PLB	PLB	PLB	PLB	PLB	PLB	PLB
	32.00	7.000	177.80	0.453	11.51	-	PLB	PLB	PLB	PLB	PLB	PLB	PLB
	35.00	7.000	177.80	0.498	12.65	-	PLB	PLB	PLB	PLB	PLB	PLB	PLB
	38.00	7.000	177.80	0.540	13.72	-	PLB	PLB	PLB	PLB	PLB	PLB	PLB
9 5/8"	32.30	9.625	244.48	0.312	7.92	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
	36.00	9.625	244.48	0.352	8.94	PSLB	-	-	-	-	-	-	PSLB
	40.00	9.625	244.48	0.395	8.94	PSLB	PLB	PLB	PLB	PLB	PLB	-	PSLB
	43.50	9.625	244.48	0.435	11.05	-	PLB	PLB	PLB	PLB	PLB	PLB	-
	47.00	9.625	244.48	0.472	11.99	-	PLB	PLB	PLB	PLB	PLB	PLB	-
	53.50	9.625	244.48	0.545	13.84	-	PLB	PLB	PLB	PLB	PLB	PLB	-
	58.40	9.625	244.48	0.595	15.11	-	PLB	PLB	PLB	PLB	PLB	PLB	-
	59.40	9.625	244.48	0.609	15.47	-	-	-	P	-	P	-	-
	64.90	9.625	244.48	0.672	17.07	-	-	-	P	-	P	-	-
	70.30	9.625	244.48	0.734	18.64	-	-	-	P	-	P	-	-
	75.60	9.625	244.48	0.797	20.24	-	-	-	P	-	P	-	-
13 3/8"	48.00	13.375	339.72	0.330	8.38	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
	54.50	13.375	339.72	0.380	9.65	PSB	-	-	-	-	-	-	PSB
	61.00	13.375	339.72	0.430	10.92	PSB	-	-	-	-	-	-	PSB
	68.00	13.375	339.72	0.480	12.19	PSB	PSB	PSB	PSB	PSB	PSB	PSB	PSB
	72.00	13.375	339.72	0.514	13.06	-	PSB	PSB	PSB	PSB	PSB	PSB

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FAQ

Q: Kuv puas tuaj yeem hloov STC, LTC, thiab BTC kev sib txuas?
A:Tsis yog. Thaum STC thiab LTC sib koom tib cov xov profile (8 round threads per inch), LTC muaj cov xov ntev ntev rau kev nruj dua.BTC (Buttress)yog qhov sib txawv kiag li trapezoidal profile. GNEE cov kws tshaj lij pab pawg tuaj yeem pab koj sib tw kev sib txuas rau koj qhov kev xav tau nruj.

Q: Qhov txawv ntawm PSL1, PSL2, thiab PSL3 yog dab tsi?
A:Cov no xa mus rau Product Specification Levels. PSL1 yog tus qauv, thaum PSL2 thiab PSL3 yuav tsum nruj dua tsis yog -kev kuaj kev puas tsuaj (NDT) thiab nruj dua cov tshuaj lom neeg. Rau cov ntug dej hiav txwv lossis qhov dej tseem ceeb, GNEE pom zoo kom PSL2 yam tsawg kawg nkaus.

Q: Puas yog GNEE muab Kev Sib Txuas Tshwj Xeeb (Tsis yog-API)?
A:Yog lawm. Rau siab - cov qhov dej siab siab uas yuav tsum tau 100% leak- cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj, peb muab cov roj sib txuas- nruj zoo sib npaug rau VAM lossis Tenaris cov qauv.