Cov teebmeem ntawm cov ntsiab lus nyob rau hauv precision ci raj ntawm kub temper brittleness muab faib ua:
(1) Cov ntsiab lus impurity uas ua rau kub kub siab brittleness ntawm precision ci raj, xws li phosphorus, tin, antimony, thiab lwm yam.
(2) Alloy cov ntsiab lus uas txhawb los yog txo qis kub kub siab brittleness nyob rau hauv ntau hom thiab degrees. Chromium, manganese, npib tsib xee, silicon, thiab lwm yam ua lub luag haujlwm txhawb nqa, thaum molybdenum, tungsten, titanium, thiab lwm yam ua lub luag haujlwm tsis zoo. Cov pa roj carbon kuj tseem ua lub luag haujlwm txhawb nqa.
Feem ntau, carbon precision ci raj tsis rhiab heev rau kub kub brittleness. Binary los yog ntau lub ntsiab lus alloy steels uas muaj chromium, manganese, npib tsib xee, thiab silicon yog rhiab heev, thiab lawv rhiab heev txawv nyob ntawm seb hom thiab cov ntsiab lus ntawm alloying ntsiab.
Tus qauv qub ntawm tempered precision ci raj muaj qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb hauv rhiab heev rau qhov kub thiab txias temper brittleness ntawm hlau. Lub martensite kub tempering qauv yog qhov feem ntau rhiab heev rau kub kub temper brittleness, ua raws li bainite kub tempering qauv, thiab pearlite qauv yog qhov tsawg tshaj plaws.
Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm qhov kub thiab txias ntawm qhov kub thiab txias ntawm qhov ci ntsa iab yog feem ntau ntseeg tau tias yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm impurity ntsiab xws li phosphorus, tin, antimony, thiab arsenic segregating ntawm thawj austenite grain ciam teb, ua rau grain ciam teb embrittlement. Alloy cov ntsiab lus xws li manganese, npib tsib xee, thiab chromium co-segregate nrog cov impurity saum toj no nyob rau hauv ib thaj tsam ntawm cov nplej, txhawb cov enrichment ntawm impurity ntsiab thiab aggravating embrittlement. Molybdenum, ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, muaj kev cuam tshuam zoo nrog cov ntsiab lus tsis huv xws li phosphorus, uas tuaj yeem tsim cov theem nag lossis daus hauv cov siv lead ua thiab cuam tshuam cov qoob loo ciam teb ntawm phosphorus, uas tuaj yeem txo qhov kub thiab txias. Cov ntsiab lus tsis tshua muaj hauv ntiaj teb kuj muaj qhov cuam tshuam zoo sib xws rau molybdenum. Titanium muaj txiaj ntsig zoo dua los txhawb cov nag lossis daus ntawm impurity ntsiab xws li phosphorus hauv cov siv lead ua, yog li ua rau cov nplej ciam teb tsis muaj zog ntawm cov ntsiab lus impurity thiab ua rau lub siab kub siab brittleness.
Tsawg Carbon Seamless Pipes
